Species Identification of Sarcosaprophagous Flies Based on Vein Digital Image Analysis / 法医学杂志

Objective To identify species of common sarcosaprophagous flies based on digital image analysis of veins, in order to provide new idea for fast and accurate species identification of sarcosaprophagous flies in forensic entomology. Methods Random trapping of 226 male and female sarcosaprophagous flies that comprised of 7 common species, including Sarcophaga peregrina, Parasarcophaga ruficornis, Sarcophaga dux, Seniorwhitea reciproca, Bercaea cruentata, Aldrichina grahami, and Synthesiomysia nudiseta with carrion in the field was conducted. The 17 landmarks on the right wing of each fly were digitally processed and the images were analyzed. The effects of allometry were evaluated using a permutation test. Wing shape variations among 7 sarcosaprophagous fly species and female species was analyzed using canonical variate analysis （CVA）. Additionally, cross-validation test was used to evaluate the reliability of classification. Results Among 7 sarcosaprophagous fly species and female species, the effect of allometry had statistical significance （P<0.05）. The CVA results showed that among 7 sarcosaprophagous fly species and female species, differences in the wing shape were significant, and the first two canonical variates accounted for 82.9% and 84.1% of the total variation of vein shape. Vein digital image analysis can be used to separate the 7 common sarcosaprophagous flies, with an overall species identification accuracy of 81.2%-100.0%, and with a species identification accuracy of 75.0%-100.0% to distinguish the female flies of the 7 sarcosaprophagous flies species. Conclusion Vein digital image analysis is a relatively convenient and reliable method for identification of insect species, which can be used for species identification of common sarcosaprophagous flies.

Post-stroke constipation treated with acupuncture therapy of regulating qi circulation of fu-organ / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the difference in the efficacy on post-stroke constipation between acupuncture therapy of regulating qi circulation of fe-organ and Shengxue Tongbian Capsules.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-five patients of post-stroke constipation were randomized into an acupuncture group (39 cases) and a Chinese medicine group (36 cases). The unit mode comprehensive therapy of stroke was adopted as basic treatment in the two groups. In the acupuncture group, acupuncture therapy of regulating qi circulation of fu-organ was added at Tianshu (ST 25), Zhigou (TE 6), Qihai (CV 6) and Zusanli (ST 36), once every day. In the Chinese medicine group, Shengrue Tongbian Capsules were supplemented for oral administration, once every day, 10 g each time. The clinical symptom score of constipation was observed before treatment, after 1 and 2 weeks treatment in the two groups, respectively. The efficacy in 1 week and 2 weeks of treatment and the adverse reaction were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 1 and 2 weeks of treatment, the clinical symptom score of constipation was reduced significantly as compared with that before treatment in the two groups (all P < 0.05). The improvements in the acupuncture group were significant than those in the Chinese medicine group in 2 weeks of treatment (8.03 +/- 2.38 vs 9.20 +/- 2.45, P < 0.05). Concerning to the occurrence of adverse reaction, there was 1 case of local bruises in needling local site in the acupuncture group; and there were 1 case of abdominal pain, 3 cases of diarrhea and 2 cases of nausea and vomiting in the Chinese medicine group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both the acupuncture therapy of regulating qi circulation of fu-organ and Shengxue Tongbian Capsules achieve the significant efficacy on post-stroke constipation. The efficacy of the acupuncture therapy of regulating qi circulation of fe-organ is better and the adverse reaction is less after long-term persistent treatment.</p>

Determination of nine penicillin residues in milk by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method for detection of nine penicillin residues in milk.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The samples were precipitated with acetonitrile and degreased with n-hexane for pre-processing. The chromatography was performed by reversed-phase HPLC in a C₁₈ column and eluted gradiently on line for 11 min. The mobile phases were water with formic acid (pH 3.1) and acetonitrile-water with formic acid (pH 3.1). By optimizing the mass condition, the method was operated by multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) and quantitated by external standard calibration.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The standard curves were linear in concentration range of 0.4 approximately 400 μg/L and all nine penicillins showed a good linear relationship in the milk matrix (r>0.990). The detection limit of the method was from 0.1 to 0.8 μg/L while the limit of quantification was from 0.3 to 2.6 μg/L. The average recoveries were higher than 80%. The within-day precisions were less than 8.5%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The established method is convenient, rapid and accurate and meets the requirement of monitoring penicillin residues in milk.</p>

A method for simultaneous assay of propulsion and absorption in small intestine / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a method for simultaneous assay of propulsion and absorption in small intestine.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mice were administrated through gastric tube with mixed reagents containing 0.12% phenol red, D-xylose (1.25%, 2.5% and 5%) and 15% gelatin. The influence of phenol red on D-xylose absorption and the influence of D-xylose on small intestine propulsion rate were investigated by measuring serum concentration of D-xylose with phloroglucinol method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At 10 min, no significant difference was found between 5% D-xylose mixed reagent group and 5% D-xylose control. At 15 min, small intestine propulsion rate in 5% D-xylose mixed reagent group, but not in 2.5% and 1.25% D-xylose mixed reagent groups, was significantly higher than in phenol red control (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Gastric administration of mixed reagent containing 0.12% phenol red, 5% D-xylose and 15% gelatin can simultaneously assay propulsion and absorption of small intestine in mice.</p>

Effect of purple sweet potato flavonoids on metabolism of glucose and lipids in diabetic rats / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of purple sweet potato flavonoids (PSPF) on blood glucose and lipids levels in diabetic rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg.kg(-1)) in rats. The changes of fasting blood glucose and lipids levels in serum and body weight, food and fluid intake of diabetic rats treated with PSPF were examined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Diabetic symptoms were ameliorated after rats were fed with PSPF. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), GSP, TC, TG, LDL-C were decreased and serum HDL-C levels were increased (P<0.01) in high, medium dose PSPF groups; while FBG, serum GSP, TG, LDL-C were also improved in low dose group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Purple sweet potato flavonoids can decrease the blood glucose and lipids levels in diabetic rats.</p>

Components of myrsinane-type diterpenes from Euphorbia prolifera / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To extract and isolate the component from myrsinane-type diterpenes of Euphorbia prolifera.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Petroleum extraction and chromatography on the silica gel were used to extract and isolate the diterpenes of Euphorbia prolifera.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight components of myrsinol diterpenes were isolated, namely: Proliferin A(1), Proliferin B (2), Proliferin C(3), Proliferin D(4), Euphorprolitherin B(5), Euphorprolitherin D(6), SPr5(7) and 14-desoxo-3-O-prorionyl-5, 15-di-O-acetyl-7-O-nicotinoyl-myrsinol-14β-acetate(8). Their structures were identified with mass-spectroscopic methods and NMR techniques. The cytotoxicity of compounds 1, 2, and 4 against cancer cells was evaluated, with compound 1 being active against A2780 cancer cells (IC(50) 7.7 μmol/L).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Myrsinane-type diterpene Proliferin A from Euphorbia prolifera shows cytotoxic effect against human ovarian cancer cell line A2780.</p>

Variations of brain magnetic resonance imaging among manganese-exposed workers / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Variations of the signal intensities in the magnetic resonance (MR) T(1)-weighted image (T(1)WI) of globus pallidus among manganese(Mn)-exposed workers were explored to provide a scientific basis for exposed biomarker of manganese-injured central nervous system (CNS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The brain MR T(1) and T(2) WI in eighteen male asymptomatic Mn-exposed, eight manganism and nine healthy control workers were examined routinely by adopting a 1.5 Tesla signal superconducting system. The SIGP and the signal intensity in frontal white matter (SIFWM) in the same side were determined, then pallidal index (PI) was calculated. Concentration of MnO(2) in workplaces and content of manganese in red blood cell (MnRBC) among workers were respectively determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrophotometry (ICP-AES). The follow-up investigation in the eight high Mn-exposed workers was made one year later.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results showed that the median of air MnO(2) in smelting workplace was 0.64 mg/m(3)(0.07 - 5.40 mg/m(3)), which were respective 0.56 mg/m(3)(0.09 - 1.71 mg/m(3)) in power distribution room (low Mn-exposure) and 0.89 mg/m(3) (0.07 - 5.40 mg/m(3)) in furnace (high Mn-exposure). PI in the Mn-exposed and high Mn-exposed workers were both higher than those of the manganism and control workers(116.4 +/- 8.2, 119.0 +/- 7.9, 105.3 +/- 8.4 and 102.2 +/- 1.5, respectively. Mn vs control, t' = 7.146, P = 0.000; Mn vs manganism, t = 3.181, P = 0.004. High Mn-exposure vs control, t' = 7.446, P = 0.000; high Mn-exposure vs manganism, t = 3.763, P = 0.001). The increased signal in T(1)WI of globus pallidus was observed in Mn-exposed workers, especially in high Mn-exposed workers. The content of manganese in red blood cell of Mn-exposed and control workers was significantly higher than those of the manganism workers [(151.6 +/- 40.5) ng/ml, (149.2 +/- 21.3) ng/ml, (154.5 +/- 46.6) ng/ml, (144.4 +/- 14.2) ng/ml, (20.8 +/- 7.4) ng/ml respectively. The difference was significant in statistics. Manganism vs control, t = 20.206, P = 0.000; manganism vs Mn, t' = 13.144, P = 0.000; manganism vs low and high Mn, t' = 12.964, 9.957, respectively, P = 0.000]. Only a decreased median of air MnO(2) in furnace was found one year later (0.89, 0.31 mg/m(3), Z = -2.142, P = 0.032). The difference was significant in statistics.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our data suggests that SIGP of MR T(1)WI among workers was obviously increased by manganese-exposure. PI may be taken as the signal of CNS injury which was induced by manganese-exposure.</p>

Effect of vitamin C and E on antioxidative enzyme, NOS activity and NO contents in hippocampus of rats with lead poisoning / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of vitamin C and E on blood lead (Pb) levels and SOD, GSH-Px, NOS activity and NO, MDA content in hippocampus of rats with lead poisoning.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat lead poisoning model was established by oral administration of 0.615 mmol/L lead acetate in drinking water for 4 weeks; and animals were fed with vitamin C 100 mg/kg. bw and/or vitamin E 100 mg/kg. bw for 1 week. Then blood Pb levels and SOD, GSH-Px, NOS activity and MDA, NO contents in hippocampus of rats were determined by corresponding kits.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with control group, blood Pb level was decreased significantly (P<0.05) after given vitamin C, vitamin E or combination of vitamin C and E. The concentrations of SOD, GSH-Px, NO and NOS were significantly higher in vitamin C and/or E groups than those in control group (P<0.05). The concentration of MDA in vitamin treatment groups was significantly lower than that in lead control group (P<0.05); furthermore concentration of MDA in combination of vitamin C and E group was significantly higher than that in vitamin C alone group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Administration of vitamin C and E can decrease blood lead level, alleviate damage of lipid peroxidation in hippocampus by lead toxicity and reverse NO, NOS levels in rats with lead poisoning.</p>

Clinical observation on Tongdu Tiaojin needling method for treatment of blepharoptosis / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare therapeutic effects of Tongdu Tiaojin needling method and routine acupuncture method on blepharoptosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-eight cases of blepharoptosis were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 29 cases in each group. The observation group was treated by Tongdu Tiaojin needling method with Baihui (GV 20), Fengchi (GB 20), Houxi (SI 3), Yintang (EX-HN 3) selected, and the control group by routine acupuncture method with Cuanzhu (BL 2), Yangbai (GB 14), Sizhukong (TE 23) selected. They were treated for 3 courses and one course was constituted by 10 sessions.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cured rate of 41.4% and the effective rate of 82.8% in the observation group were better than 24.1% and 48.2% in the control group (P<0.05); after treatment, the palpebral fissure widened and the level of the palpebra superior shading the cornea was alleviated in the two groups, but the observation group was superior to the control group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tongdu Tiaojin needling method has a definite therapeutic effect on blepharoptosis.</p>

Purification of total flavones from Morus alba L.by macroporous adsorbents and kinetic model for the process / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the separation and purification technology for the total flavones from Morus alba L.(MTF), and present a kinetic model for this process.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three types of macroporous adsorbents were tested to separate and purify MTF, and to evaluated by adsorption capacity, elution ratio and product purity. The curves of dynamic adsorption-elution process was plotted and the kinetic equations were presented.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Among three types of macroporous adsorbents, the NKA-9 type showed better property with the adsorption capacity of 43.4 mg.g(-1)and the elution ratio of 98.2%. The purity of MTF product reached to 58.2 % in the technological conditions following: extract sample concentration of 20 mg.ml(-1), 6 times washing water and elution reagent of 70% ethanol. The adsorbent could be used for 4 times repeatedly. The kinetic equation was y=u(1 - e(-kx)).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The NKA-9 type of macroporous absorbent is suitable to purify the MTF.</p>

Correlation between Plasma Orexin A and Energy Intake in Obese Children / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the change of plasma orexin A concentration and the correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and energy intake in obese children.Methods Fasting plasma orexin A concentrations,boaly mass index(BMI) and energy intake were measured in 48 obese children(obese group) and 48 healthy children(healthy control group),and these indexes were compared,the correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and BMI,energy intake were analyzed.Results 1.The plasma orexin A concentration in obese group was significantly lower than that in healthy control group(F=5.632 P=0.008).2.In obsess group,there were negative correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and BMI(r=-0.478 P=0.012),positive correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and total energy intake(r=0.503 P=0.007),fat intake(r=0.659 P=0.006) and protein intake(r=0.381 P=0.026),and there was negative correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and carbohydrate(r=-0.316 P=0.022).3.In healthy control group,there were negative correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and BMI(r=-0.491 P=0.018),positive correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and total energy intake(r=0.512 P=0.009),fat intake(r=0.406 P=0.005),protein intake(r=0.313 P=0.020),and carbohydrate(r=0.432 P=0.025).Conclusions Orexin A may be involved in regulation of energy metabolism in obese children,and the interaction between plasma orexin A and energy intake might be different in different nutritional status in children.

Hypoglycemic effects of sodium metavanadate in diabetic mice and its effect on glucose phosphorylation / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of sodium metavanadate (SMV) on blood sugar and glucose phosphorylation in mice, and to discuss the possible mechanism of its hypoglycemic effects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Diabetic mice (D) and control mice (V) were randomly allocated to drink SMV (0.2 mg/ml) (CV and DV groups) or NaCl (80 mmol/L) (C and V groups) respectively. The study lasted for 5 weeks. Liver glucokinase, muscle hexokinase, blood glucose and insulin were assayed at the end of each week.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Blood glucose was higher in the diabetic groups before the administration of SMV, and the blood glucose level of group DV decreased from (18.77 +/- 1.28) to (8.94 +/- 0.94) mmol/L (P < 0.01) after oral administration of SMV for one week. While liver glucokinase increased from (1.29 +/- 0.64) to (15.36 +/- 1.57) mIU/min/mg protein and muscle hexokinase increased from (1.93 +/- 0.50) to (18.62 +/- 1.71) mIU/min/mg protein (P < 0.01) respectively. There was no continuous change of these parameters during the later weeks. No significant change of serum insulin was observed in the diabetic mice. There was a remarkable negative correlation of blood glucose level with liver glucokinase and muscle hexokinase levels.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The hypoglycemic effects of SMV was independent of insulin level. In consideration of the close relations of the activities of liver glucokinase and muscle hexokinase with diabetes, and the improving of impaired glucose phosphorylation in diabetic mice by oral sodium metavanadate, which might be the mechanism of hypoglycemic effects of SMV.</p>